Firsts of Bihar: Administrative, Historical and Cultural Milestones

I. Administrative and Political Firsts

• First Governor of Bihar (1912) – James David Sifton
• First Indian Governor of Bihar – Jairamdas Daulatram
• First Chief Minister of Bihar – Dr. Shri Krishna Sinha
• First Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar – Anugrah Narayan Sinha
• First Woman Chief Minister of Bihar – Rabri Devi
• First Scheduled Caste Chief Minister of Bihar – Bhola Paswan Shastri.
• First Woman Governor of Bihar – Ram Dulari Sinha
• First President of India from Bihar – Dr. Rajendra Prasad

II. Judiciary and Law

• First High Court of Bihar – Patna High Court (1916)
• First Chief Justice of Patna High Court – Sir Edward Maynard Des Champs Chamier
• First Indian Chief Justice of Patna High Court – Bhuvneshwar Prasad Sinha

III. Education and Institutions

• First University of Bihar – Patna University (1917)
• First Engineering College of Bihar – Bihar College of Engineering, Patna (now NIT Patna)
• First Medical College of Bihar – Patna Medical College
• First IIT in Bihar – IIT Patna
• First Central University of Bihar – Central University of South Bihar (Gaya)
• First Printing Press in Bihar – Patna (1818)

IV. Media, Language and Literature

• First Hindi Newspaper of Bihar – Bihar Bandhu (1874)
• First Urdu Newspaper of Bihar – Noor-ul-Anwar
• First Hindi Sahitya Sammelan – Patna
• First Modern Hindi Literary Centre in Bihar – Patna

V. Transport and Infrastructure

• First Railway Line in Bihar – Howrah–Delhi line passing through Bihar
• First Bridge over the River Ganga in Bihar – Rajendra Setu (Mokama)
• First Longest River Bridge in Asia (at inauguration) – Mahatma Gandhi Setu
• First Airport of Bihar – Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna

VI. Industry, Agriculture and Economy

• First Sugar Mill of Bihar – Hathua Sugar Factory
• First Oil Refinery of Bihar – Barauni Oil Refinery
• First Fertilizer Plant of Bihar – Barauni Fertilizer Plant
• First Major Industrial Area of Bihar – Barauni Industrial Area
• First Handloom and Silk Industry Centre – Bhagalpur

VII. Religion, Culture and Ancient History

• First Capital of Bihar (Ancient) – Pataliputra
• World’s First Republic – Vaishali (Vajji Mahajanapada)
• First Buddhist Council – Rajgir
• First Jain Council – Pataliputra
• Birthplace of Lord Mahavira – Vaishali
• First Residential University of the World – Nalanda University

VIII. Social and National Movements

• First Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi in India – Champaran Satyagraha (Bihar)
• First Major Leader of 1857 Revolt from Bihar – Kunwar Singh
• First Centre of Total Revolution (1974) – Bihar (JP Movement)

IX. Geography and Governance

• First Capital of Modern Bihar – Patna
• First Census-covered Region of Bihar – Census of 1872
• First State in India to Conduct Caste Survey (Post-Independence) – Bihar

X. Most Repeated “Firsts” in BPSC Examinations

• Patna University – First University
• Rajendra Setu – First Ganga Bridge
• Vaishali – First Republic
• Nalanda – First Residential University
• Champaran – First Satyagraha
• Patna High Court – First High Court of Bihar