| Personality | Contribution / Quote / Idea |
|---|---|
| JLN (Jawaharlal Nehru) | - On Fundamental Rights: “A Fundamental Right should be looked upon, not from the point of view of any particular difficulty of that moment, but as something that you want to make permanent in this Constitution.” - “Constitution of free India must be framed without outside interference by a Constituent Assembly.” |
| MK Gandhi (MKG) | “The Constituent Assembly alone can produce a Constitution indigenous to the country and truly representing the will of the people.” - Bhagwati Charan Vohra wrote The Philosophy of Bomb in response to one of Gandhi’s articles. |
| Bal Gangadhar Tilak | - Called Congress Conferences the “Annual National Festival of Educated Indians.” - Opined Aryans came from the Arctic region. - Described Congress sessions as a holiday/recreation. |
| Lala Lajpat Rai | Called Congress meetings the “Annual National Festival of Educated Indians.” |
| JPN (Jayaprakash Narayan) | Proposed the idea of partyless democracy. |
| Sister Nivedita | “The British empire is rotten to the core, corrupt in every direction and tyrannical and mean.” |
| Yusuf Meher Ali | Associated with Quit India Movement. |
| Mughal Emperor Akbar II | Gave Ram Mohan Roy the title of “Raja”. |
| Dr. B. R. Ambedkar (BRA) | - Described Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) as novel features of the Indian Constitution. - Advocated: All Indians should have a right to vote irrespective of socio-economic status. - “Siddhant (Directive Principle) should be the basis of law-making in future.” |
| Charles Metcalfe | Spoke of India’s self-reliant social system: “The rural system in India is a tiny Republic.” |
| W. H. Russell | Correspondent of The Times (London) in 1857; wrote: “Nobody in the North India looks at white man’s car with….” |
| Jaipal Singh | Demanded reserved seats for tribal people and protection of their rights. |
| Rohini Kumar Choudhuri | Spoke in the Constituent Assembly in favor of reservation for women. |
| Shivaswami Ayyar | “The Simon Commission Report should be thrown on a heap of rubbish.” |
| Dadabhai Naoroji | 1871: “In my belief, a greater calamity would not befall India than for England to go away and leave her to herself.” |
| Dr. S. Radhakrishnan | About Fundamental Rights: “A pledge to our people and a pact with the civilized world.” |
| Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (SV Patel) | “Can you show me one free country where there are separate electorates? The British element is gone, but they have left mischief behind.” |
| Concept / Idea | Contributor / Author |
|---|---|
| Cultural Poverty | Oscar Lewis |
| Marginal Man | Robert E. Park |
| Ecological Transition (1976) | John Bennett |
| Rise and Growth of Economic Nationalism in India, 1880–1905 | Bipan Chandra |
| India is quasi-federal | K. C. Wheare |
| Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) | Morris David Morris, US Overseas Development Council (1970s) |