| Pass | Location / Range | Key Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Chang La | Ladakh (Zanskar Range) | One of the highest motorable passes (~17,590 ft); connects Leh–Pangong Lake; DRDO center nearby |
| Khardung La | Ladakh (Karakoram Range) | Among world’s highest motorable roads; connects Leh–Nubra Valley; vital for Siachen supply line |
| Zoji La | J&K (Great Himalayas) | Connects Kashmir Valley–Ladakh; heavy snowfall; Zoji La Tunnel under construction |
| Pir Panjal Pass | J&K (Pir Panjal Range) | Connects Kashmir Valley–Rajouri; part of Mughal Road; strategic India–Pakistan region |
| Banihal Pass | J&K (Pir Panjal Range) | Earlier Jammu–Srinagar route; now bypassed by Jawahar Tunnel |
| Pass | Location / Range | Key Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Bara-Lacha La | Zanskar Range | Connects Lahaul–Leh; “Gateway to Ladakh”; ancient trade route |
| Rohtang Pass | Pir Panjal Range | Connects Kullu–Lahaul Spiti; open May–Oct; heavy congestion |
| Shipki La | Kinnaur (India–Tibet border) | Indo-Tibetan trade route; civilian entry restricted |
| Bara-Lacha La | HP–Ladakh border | Links Manali–Leh Highway |
| Pass | Location / Range | Key Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Mana Pass | Great Himalayas | India’s highest pass (~18,478 ft); connects Uttarakhand–Tibet; near Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve |
| Niti Pass | Chamoli district | Historic Indo-Tibet route; closed since 1962 |
| Lipu Lekh | India–Nepal–Tibet | Tri-junction; route for Kailash Mansarovar Yatra; India-China trade |
| Pass | Key Importance |
|---|---|
| Sela Pass (Se La) | Connects Tawang–Arunachal Pradesh; strategic defense route |
| Bom Di La | Connects Arunachal Pradesh with Bhutan & Lhasa (Tibet) |
| Diphu Pass (Diphu La) | Tri-junction of India–China–Myanmar; strategic trade route |
| Pangsau Pass | Patkai Hills; connects Arunachal Pradesh–Myanmar |
| Dihang Pass | Connects Arunachal Pradesh to Mandalay, Myanmar |
| Bum La Pass | Connects Tawang–Tibet; military importance |
| Other Passes | Kumjawng, Chankan, Hpungan, Mayodia, Yonggyap, Tulung La |
| Pass | Key Importance |
|---|---|
| Nathu La Pass | Famous trade route; connects Sikkim–Tibet; part of ancient Silk Route |
| Jelep La Pass | Connects Sikkim–Bhutan & Tibet; historic trade route (closed since 1962) |