India’s energy sector has undergone a major transformation over the past decade, balancing the twin objectives of rapid economic growth and sustainable energy transition. As one of the fastest-growing major economies, India is witnessing a sharp rise in electricity demand, making energy security and clean energy expansion critical policy priorities.According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), nearly 85% of the growth in global electricity demand over the next three years will come from emerging and developing economies, with India expected to contribute significantly. India’s share in global primary energy consumption is projected to double by 2035.As of June 2025, India’s total installed power capacity has reached 476 GW, with increasing contribution from renewable and non-fossil fuel sources.
India’s electricity generation and installed power capacity have expanded substantially over the last decade due to rising demand, infrastructure development and policy reforms.
| Indicator | 2015–16 | 2024–25 |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity Generation | 1,168 BU | 1,824 BU |
| Installed Capacity | 305 GW | 476 GW |
India achieved:
Important schemes contributing to this expansion include:
India has significantly improved electricity access and reliability.
| Parameter | Earlier | Present |
|---|---|---|
| Power Shortage | 4.2% (2013–14) | 0.1% (2024–25) |
| Per Capita Consumption | 957 kWh | 1,395 kWh |
Per capita electricity consumption increased by 45.8%, indicating improved economic activity and household access.
India possesses one of the world’s most diversified energy mixes.
| Source | Capacity |
|---|---|
| Thermal Power | 240 GW |
| Solar Energy | 110.9 GW |
| Wind Energy | 51.3 GW |
| Total Non-Fossil Capacity | 235.7 GW |
Non-fossil fuel sources now account for:
This includes:
Despite renewable expansion, thermal power remains dominant with:
India committed at:
to achieve:
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) is leading this transition.
As per:
India ranks:
India’s solar sector has expanded rapidly.
| Indicator | 2014 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Installed Solar Capacity | 2.82 GW | 110.9 GW |
Solar capacity increased nearly:
A record:
was added in 2024–25 alone.
| Sector | Growth |
|---|---|
| Solar PV Module Capacity | 2.3 GW → 88 GW |
| Solar PV Cell Capacity | 1.2 GW → 25 GW |
This reflects increasing:
India is a global leader in:
Installed wind capacity increased from:
India currently ranks:
According to:
India’s estimated wind potential is:
The:
was launched by:
at:
It is the:
As of March 2025:
India proposed:
to create:
based on the principle:
ISA is leading this initiative.
Hydropower capacity increased from:
between 2014 and 2025.India targets:
Support measures include:
Biopower capacity increased from:
Compressed Biogas (CBG) projects increased from:
The programme was launched by:
with an outlay of:
Launched in:
To provide:
to:
Launched in:
| Component | Objective |
|---|---|
| A | Decentralised solar plants |
| B | Standalone solar pumps |
| C | Solarisation of grid-connected pumps |
Target:
The scheme promotes:
| Parameter | Status |
|---|---|
| Approved Parks | 55 |
| Capacity Approved | 39,958 MW |
| Commissioned Capacity | 12,804 MW |
The:
aims to:
Letters of Award issued for:
The:
targets development of:
through solar electrification.
India’s nuclear sector expanded significantly between 2014–2025.
| Indicator | Growth |
|---|---|
| Nuclear Generation | 35,592 MUs → 56,681 MUs |
| Installed Capacity | 4,780 MW → 8,780 MW |
India currently operates:
through:
| Project | Capacity | Commissioned |
|---|---|---|
| Kudankulam Unit-1 | 1000 MW | 2014 |
| Kudankulam Unit-2 | 1000 MW | 2017 |
| Kakrapar Unit-3 | 700 MW | 2023 |
| Kakrapar Unit-4 | 700 MW | 2024 |
| Rajasthan Unit-7 | 700 MW | 2025 |
Launched in:
Despite renewable expansion:
| Source | Capacity |
|---|---|
| Coal | 219 GW |
| Gas | 20 GW |
| Diesel | 589 MW |
Coal alone contributes:
Coal production increased from:
between 2014–15 and 2024–25.
Important sustainability initiatives include:
India is:
The sector is one of India’s:
| Indicator | 2014 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| LPG Connections | 14.51 crore | 32.97 crore |
Launched in:
Providing:
to poor households.
| Indicator | 2014 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| PNG Connections | 0.254 crore | 1.47 crore |
| CNG Stations | 738 | 7720 |
City Gas Distribution coverage expanded to nearly:
Under:
India targets:
| Indicator | Growth |
|---|---|
| Ethanol Blending | 1.53% → 18.5% |
| Ethanol Procurement | 38 crore litres → 440.74 crore litres |
India’s energy transition reflects a strategic balance between:
The country is simultaneously:
India’s evolving energy landscape positions it as a major global player in the transition toward a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.Updated - 22 June 2025 ; 10:25 AM | PIB