Quad Foreign Ministers’ Meeting (QFMM) 2025 – 

1. Event Overview

• Event: 10th Quad Foreign Ministers’ Meeting (QFMM)
• Date: 1 July 2025
• Venue: Washington D.C., USA
• Participants:
  🇮🇳 India | 🇺🇸 United States | 🇯🇵 Japan | 🇦🇺 Australia
• Objective:
  Advancing a Free, Open, Inclusive, and Rules-Based Indo-Pacific

2. Major Outcome (Key Highlight 2025)

Quad Critical Minerals Initiative (New Flagship)

• Aimed at strengthening economic security and supply-chain resilience
• Focus areas:
  • Diversification of critical mineral supply chains
  • E-waste recovery and re-processing
  • Coordination with private sector investments
• Strategic relevance:
  Reduces over-dependence amid China’s dominance in critical minerals

3. Maritime Security & Capacity Building

MAITRI Workshop (2025)

• Full form: Maritime Initiative for Training in the Indo-Pacific
• Purpose:
  • Maritime capability assessment
  • Training and capacity enhancement of regional partners

4. Humanitarian Assistance & Disaster Relief (HADR)

Myanmar Earthquake (March 2025)

• Quad provided USD 30+ million in humanitarian assistance

Pandemic Preparedness Workshop

• Hosted by India (March 2025)
• Participation: 15 Indo-Pacific countries
• Focus: Strengthening regional health emergency preparedness

5. QUAD: Background

Genesis

• Originated during the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
• First officials’ meeting: 2007 (Manila)
• Revival after dormancy: 2017 (Manila)

Nature of QUAD

• Informal strategic grouping
• Not a military alliance
• Emphasises:
  • Practical cooperation
  • Issue-based coordination
  • Regional public goods

6. Quad Foreign Ministers’ Meetings (Chronology)

• 2019 – New York (UNGA)
• 2020 – Tokyo
• 2021 – Virtual
• 2022 – Melbourne
• 2023 – New Delhi & New York
• 2025 – Washington D.C. (10th QFMM)

7. Strategic Role of QUAD

• Widely viewed as a counterweight to China in the Indo-Pacific
• Areas of coordination:
  • Economic initiatives
  • Infrastructure development
  • Maritime and military cooperation
• Malabar Naval Exercise:
  • Conducted among navies of all four Quad members
  • Enhances maritime interoperability

8. Contemporary Challenges & Context

• Quad has faced periodic challenges and interregnum, but remains relevant
• Continues to adapt to:
  • Geopolitical shifts
  • Economic coercion
  • Supply-chain vulnerabilities

9. India–US Context (Related Development)

• Minister of State for External Affairs Kirti Vardhan Singhnoted:
  • Diplomatic engagements linked to India–US trade negotiations
  • Discussions on possible US tariffs (up to 50%) on certain Indian goods
  • Concerns related to Russian energy imports

Quad Leaders’ Summit – Key Notes

Recent & Upcoming Summits

• Quad Leaders’ Summit 2024
  • Venue: Wilmington, United States
• Quad Leaders’ Summit 2025
  • Host: India

About the Quad

• Full Name: Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad)
• Member Countries:
  • 🇮🇳 India
  • 🇺🇸 United States
  • 🇯🇵 Japan
  • 🇦🇺 Australia

Formation & Timeline

• Year of Formation: 2007
• Milestone:
  • 2024 marks 17 years since the establishment of the Quad grouping

🌍 G4 Ministerial Joint Statement – 25 Sept 2025

📍 Context

• 📅 Date: 25 September 2025
• 📌 Venue: On the margins of the 80th UN General Assembly (UNGA)
• 📍 Location: New York
• 🎯 Purpose: Discussion on UN Security Council (UNSC) Reform

🏛️ G4 Countries

🎯 Key Highlights

1️⃣ Need for Urgent UNSC Reform

• Current UNSC does not reflect contemporary geopolitical realities
• Reform needed to improve:
  • ✅ Representativeness
  • ✅ Legitimacy
  • ✅ Effectiveness
  • ✅ Efficiency

2️⃣ Expansion of Security Council

• Expansion in both categories:
  • 🟢 Permanent Members
  • 🔵 Non-Permanent Members
• Majority of UN Member States support expansion.
• Greater role for:
  • Developing countries
  • Countries contributing to international peace & security

3️⃣ Regional Representation

Focus on better representation of:

• 🌍 Africa
• 🌏 Asia-Pacific
• 🌎 Latin America & Caribbean

🔹 Support for Africa

• Strong backing for:
  • Ezulwini Consensus
  • Sirte Declaration
    (Common African Position – CAP)

4️⃣ G4 Position

• G4 countries reaffirm:
  • Mutual support for each other’s permanent membership
  • Commitment to:
    • Rule of Law
    • UN Charter principles
    • Multilateralism

5️⃣ Concern Over Slow Progress

• No concrete progress in:
  • Intergovernmental Negotiations (IGN)
• Call for:
  • Text-based negotiations
  • Consolidated reform model
• Clarified:
  • Consensus is NOT mandatory for decision-making.

6️⃣ Future Course of Action

• Active engagement in:
  • 80th UNGA session
• Outreach to wider UN membership
• Discussions not limited only to IGN format

🧠 Important Terms

🌍 G4 (Group of Four) 

📅 Formation

• Founded: 2005
• Purpose: Reform of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC)
• Objective:
  • Expand permanent membership
  • Make UNSC more representative of present-day geopolitical realities

🏛️ Members of G4

🎯 Core Aim

• Support each other's bid for permanent membership in UNSC

🌐 Current UNSC Permanent Members (P5)

🇮🇳 India & UNSC – Key Points

1️⃣ Founding Member of UN

• India is a founding member of the United Nations (1945).

2️⃣ 1950 UNSC Offer

• USA & USSR reportedly supported India’s inclusion in 1950.
• India declined due to:
  • Cold War politics
  • Focus on global neutrality & China’s representation

3️⃣ Non-Permanent Membership

• India has served 8 times as a non-permanent member of UNSC.
• Latest tenure: 2021–2022 (ended 31 December 2022).

4️⃣ Support for India’s Permanent Seat

India’s candidature supported by:

• 🇷🇺 Russia
• 🇺🇸 USA
• 🇫🇷 France
• 🇬🇧 UK
• Many other UN member states

Opposition regionally:

• 🇵🇰 Pakistan (part of “Uniting for Consensus” group)

5️⃣ Why India Claims Permanent Seat?

✅ Reasons:

• World’s largest democracy
• 1.4+ billion population
• Major contributor to UN Peacekeeping Missions
• Fast-growing economy (top global GDP ranks)
• Nuclear power
• Responsible global stakeholder

🎯 Expected Benefits:

• Greater geopolitical influence
• Stronger voice in global peace & security decisions
• Better representation of Global South

🧠 Important Concepts