SEVENTH SCHEDULE – DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS
1. Union List (List I)
Parliament has exclusive power to make laws on subjects of national importance.Includes:
- Defence
- Banking
- Foreign Affairs
- Currency
- Atomic Energy
- Insurance
- Communication
- Inter-State Trade and Commerce
- Census
- Audit
2. State List (List II)
State Legislatures have exclusive power to make laws on subjects of local or regional importance.Includes:
- Public Order
- Police
- Agriculture
- Health and Sanitation
- Prisons
- Local Government
- Fisheries
- Theatres
- Gambling
3. Concurrent List (List III)
Both Parliament and State Legislatures can make laws.
In case of conflict, Union law prevails (Article 254).Includes:
- Criminal Law
- Civil Procedure
- Marriage and Divorce
- Population Control
- Family Planning
- Electricity
- Labour Welfare
- Economic and Social Planning
- Drugs
- Newspapers
- Books
- Printing
42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976
(Also called the “Mini Constitution”)
Subjects transferred from State List to Concurrent List:
- Education
- Forests
- Weights and Measures
- Protection of Wild Animals and Birds
- Administration of Justice