| 1 | Jairamdas Daulatram | 15 Aug 1947 | 11 Jan 1948 | First Indian Governor |
| 2 | Madhav Shrihari Aney | 12 Jan 1948 | 14 Jun 1952 | — |
| 3 | R. R. Diwakar | 15 Jun 1952 | 5 Jul 1957 | — |
| 4 | Zakir Husain | 6 Jul 1957 | 11 May 1962 | Later President of India |
| 5 | M. A. Ayyangar | 12 May 1962 | 6 Dec 1967 | — |
| 6 | Nityanand Kanungo | 7 Dec 1967 | 20 Jan 1971 | — |
| – | Justice U. N. Sinha (Acting) | 21 Jan 1971 | 31 Jan 1971 | Acting |
| 7 | Dev Kant Baruah | 1 Feb 1971 | 4 Feb 1973 | — |
| 8 | R. D. Bhandare | 4 Feb 1973 | 15 Jun 1976 | — |
| 9 | Jagannath Kaushal | 16 Jun 1976 | 31 Jan 1979 | — |
| – | Justice K. B. N. Singh (Acting) | 31 Jan 1979 | 19 Sep 1979 | Acting |
| 10 | Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai | 20 Sep 1979 | 15 Mar 1985 | Two non-consecutive terms |
| 11 | P. Venkatasubbaiah | 15 Mar 1985 | 25 Feb 1988 | — |
| 12 | Govind Narain Singh | 26 Feb 1988 | 24 Jan 1989 | — |
| – | Justice Dipak Kumar Sen (Acting) | 24 Jan 1989 | 28 Jan 1989 | Acting |
| 13 | R. D. Pradhan | 29 Jan 1989 | 2 Feb 1989 | Shortest tenure |
| 14 | Jagannath Pahadia | 3 Mar 1989 | 2 Feb 1990 | — |
| – | Justice G. G. Sohoni (Acting) | 2 Feb 1990 | 16 Feb 1990 | Acting |
| 15 | Mohammad Saleem | 16 Feb 1990 | 13 Feb 1991 | — |
| – | B. Satya Narayan Reddy (Acting) | 14 Feb 1991 | 18 Mar 1991 | Acting |
| 16 | Mohammad Shafi Qureshi | 19 Mar 1991 | 13 Aug 1993 | — |
| 10 | Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai | 14 Aug 1993 | 26 Apr 1998 | Second term |
| 17 | Sunder Singh Bhandari | 27 Apr 1998 | 15 Mar 1999 | — |
| – | Justice B. M. Lall (Acting) | 15 Mar 1999 | 5 Oct 1999 | Acting |
| – | Suraj Bhan (Addl. Charge) | 6 Oct 1999 | 22 Nov 1999 | Additional charge |
| 18 | V. C. Pande | 23 Nov 1999 | 12 Jun 2003 | — |
| 19 | M. R. Jois | 12 Jun 2003 | 31 Oct 2004 | — |
| – | Ved Prakash Marwah (Acting) | 1 Nov 2004 | 4 Nov 2004 | Acting |
| 20 | Buta Singh | 5 Nov 2004 | 29 Jan 2006 | — |
| 21 | Gopalkrishna Gandhi | 31 Jan 2006 | 21 Jun 2006 | — |
| 22 | R. S. Gavai | 22 Jun 2006 | 9 Jul 2008 | — |
| 23 | R. L. Bhatia | 10 Jul 2008 | 28 Jun 2009 | — |
| 24 | Devanand Konwar | 29 Jun 2009 | 21 Mar 2013 | — |
| 25 | D. Y. Patil | 22 Mar 2013 | 26 Nov 2014 | — |
| – | Keshari Nath Tripathi (Addl.) | 27 Nov 2014 | 15 Aug 2015 | Additional charge |
| 26 | Ram Nath Kovind | 16 Aug 2015 | 20 Jun 2017 | Later President of India |
| – | Keshari Nath Tripathi (Addl.) | 20 Jun 2017 | 29 Sep 2017 | Additional charge |
| 27 | Satya Pal Malik | 30 Sep 2017 | 23 Aug 2018 | — |
| 28 | Lalji Tandon | 23 Aug 2018 | 28 Jul 2019 | — |
| 29 | Phagu Chauhan | 29 Jul 2019 | 13 Feb 2023 | — |
| 30 | Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar | 14 Feb 2023 | 1 Jan 2025 | Transferred to Kerala |
| 31 | Arif Mohammad Khan | 2 Jan 2025 | Incumbent | Current Governor |