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India’s bioeconomy sector projected to reach USD 300 billion by 2030 – NITI Aayog Report

ANALYSIS

1. Context

• NITI Aayog released a report titled “Reimagining Agriculture: A Roadmap for Frontier Technology Led Transformation.”
• The report highlights India’s rapidly advancing bioeconomy sector, covering agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and aquaculture.

2. Key Projections

• India’s bioeconomy sector is projected to reach USD 300 billion by 2030.
• Agricultural transformation is central to India’s vision of becoming a developed nation by 2047.
• A robust agricultural system is described as essential to food security and national sovereignty.

3. Core Themes from the Report

a. Role of Frontier Technologies

The report outlines the potential of multiple technologies, including:

• Climate-resilient seeds
• Digital twins
• Precision agriculture
• Agentic AI
• Advanced mechanisation

These tools aim to improve productivity, sustainability, and farmer incomes across India’s diverse agricultural landscape.

b. Customisation of Technology

• NITI Aayog CEO B.V.R. Subrahmanyam emphasised that no two farmers in India are the same.
• Frontier technologies must be customisedaccording to farmer type:
  • Smallholders
  • Commercial cultivators
  • Staple producers
  • Horticulturists

c. Farmer Segmentation Strategy

The report categorises farmers into three archetypes:

• Aspiring farmers: 70–80%
• Transitioning farmers: 15–20%
• Advanced farmers: 1–2%

Each archetype requires tailored policy and technology interventions.

4. State Leadership Perspective

• Gujarat Chief Minister Bhupendrabhai Patel highlighted:
  • Technology integration across farming stages
  • Use of innovations to combat crop diseases
  • Adoption of next-generation seeds and tools
  • Digital integration empowering farmers and reducing cultivation costs

5. Broader Implications

• With appropriate policy action and technology uptake, India can achieve:
  • Agricultural resilience
  • Inclusive rural prosperity
  • Global competitiveness in agri-tech innovation

• Bioeconomy includes agriculture, forestry, fisheries, aquaculture.
• Frontier technologies named in the report:
  • Climate-resilient seeds
  • Digital twins
  • Precision agriculture
  • Agentic AI
  • Advanced mechanisation

Updated – 03 November 2025 ; 8: 30 pm | The Hindu

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