1. Immunization & Vaccine Coverage in India

Zero-Dose Children

  • Percentage declined from 0.11% (2023) to 0.06% (2024).
  • India had 1.44 million zero-dose children in 2023 (2nd globally after Nigeria).
  • Zero Dose Implementation Plan 2024: 143 districts across 11 high-burden states.
  • Mission Indradhanush (2014; intensified 2017):
    • 5.46 crore children vaccinated
    • 1.32 crore pregnant women vaccinated

Disease Elimination

  • Polio: Eliminated 2014 (National & Sub-National Immunization Days)
  • Maternal & Neonatal Tetanus: Eliminated 2015
  • Measles-Rubella Campaign: Launched 2025

2. Vaccine Development & Licensing in India

Dengue

  • WHO-approved vaccines:
    • Dengvaxia (Sanofi Pasteur)
    • TAK-003 (Qdenga)
  • India trials: Panacea Biotec & Serum Institute collaborating on indigenous dengue vaccine
  • India’s first indigenous dengue vaccine (TetraVax-DV): Developed by Serum Institute of India (Phase 3)

Malaria

  • Multi-stage vaccine (AdFalciVax): Developed by ICMR & DBT-NII
  • Licensed to 5 Indian companies: Indian Immunologicals Ltd, Techinvention Lifecare Pvt Ltd, Panacea Biotec Ltd, Biological E Ltd, Zydus Lifesciences
  • Malaria burden in India:
    • 1.4% global cases, 0.9% global deaths
    • 52% of malaria deaths outside Sub-Saharan Africa occur in India
    • 95% population in malaria-endemic zones; 80% of cases in 20% population (tribal, hilly areas)

Other Vaccine Updates

  • Bharat Biotech: Licensed GSK’s Shigella vaccine candidate
  • Biological E: To produce Jiangsu Recbio Tech’s 9-valent HPV vaccine (REC603)
  • Bharat Biotech (Biovet): Biolumpivaxin – First DIVA vaccine for Lumpy Skin Disease
  • Zydus Lifesciences: Launched VaxiFlu-4, India’s first quadrivalent influenza vaccine (WHO-recommended strains)
  • Boehringer Ingelheim: Three-in-one poultry vaccine in India
  • Bharat Biotech: Oral Cholera Vaccine (Hillchol) completes Phase III trials
  • Typhoid & Paratyphoid Vaccines: ICMR invites collaboration for development & commercialization

3. India’s Global Vaccine Initiatives

  • Measles-Rubella Vaccine Export: 3 lakh doses sent to Bolivia
  • Co-WIN Platform:
    • Digital backbone for COVID-19 vaccination (registration, scheduling, tracking, certification)
    • Supports multiple vaccines: Covishield, Covaxin, Corbevax, Sputnik-V, etc.
    • Enables fair distribution, multilingual access, AEFI monitoring, and policy data generation

4. Co-WIN Global Conclave

  • Date: 5 July 2021
  • Location: Virtual, 142 countries
  • Organizers: MoHFW, MEA, NHA

Key Highlights

  • PM Modi presented Co-WIN as a digital public good; principle: “One Earth, One Health”
  • Dr. Harsh Vardhan: Co-WIN is a robust, inclusive, scalable system, prevents black marketing, ensures equitable vaccine distribution
  • Dr. RS Sharma (NHA CEO):
    • First-of-its-kind platform for largest immunization campaign
    • 36.5 crore registered users, 1,38,427 vaccination centers
    • Dynamic platform, can be scaled for other health interventions
  • MEA & Health Officials: Open platform, promotes international collaboration
  • Digital tools integrated: Arogya Setu, Covid India Portal, e-Sanjivani

5. Key Public Health Achievements

  • Polio-free since 2014
  • Maternal & Neonatal Tetanus eliminated
  • Significant reduction in zero-dose children
  • Strong vaccine R&D ecosystem in India with multiple indigenous vaccines under development

    Updated - 9 Oct 2025 ; 9: 30 AM | Admin