ISRO readies LVM3-M5 for launch of heaviest communication satellite CMS-03 (GSAT-7R)

IN NEWS: ISRO readies LVM3-M5 for launch of heaviest communication satellite CMS-03 (GSAT-7R)

Analysis

1. Context
   • The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is preparing to launch its heaviest communication satellite CMS-03 (also known as GSAT-7R) on November 2, 2025, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Sriharikota.
   • The launch will be conducted using the LVM3-M5 launch vehicle, India’s most powerful operational rocket, marking its fifth operational mission.
2. About CMS-03 (GSAT-7R)
   • Weight: Approximately 4,410 kg, making it India’s heaviest communication satellite.
   • Type: Multi-band military communication satellite designed to provide secure and high-capacity data transmission.
   • Coverage: Offers critical communication support across the Indian landmass and wide oceanic regions, crucial for naval and defence operations.
   • Purpose: Enhances real-time, encrypted communication capabilities for the Indian Navy, Air Force, and Army, strengthening joint operational readiness and situational awareness.
3. About the Launch Vehicle – LVM3-M5
   • Full Form: Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (formerly GSLV Mk-III).
   • Specifications:
     • Height – 43.5 metres
     • Lift-off mass – 642 tonnes
     • Payload capability – ~4 to 4.5 tonnes to GTO
   • Mission Objective: To place the CMS-03 satellite into a Geo-synchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO).
   • Launch Pad: Second Launch Pad, Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SHAR).
   • Significance:
     • Continues the LVM3’s legacy after the success of Chandrayaan-3, which made India the first country to land near the lunar south pole.
     • Demonstrates India’s capability in launching heavy military-grade satellites indigenously.
4. Strategic Importance
   • Defence Communications Backbone: CMS-03 is designed to bolster India’s secure defence communication network, particularly in maritime and remote regions.
   • Self-Reliance in Strategic Space Assets: Reduces dependence on foreign satellites and private networks for sensitive communications.
   • Operational Integration: Facilitates coordination between the three branches of the armed forces through high-bandwidth, encrypted communication links.
   • Maritime Domain Awareness: Strengthens India’s surveillance and command capabilities across the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
5. Recent Developments
   • The fully integrated LVM3-M5 vehicle with CMS-03 was rolled out to the launch pad on October 26, 2025, for final checks and pre-launch procedures.
   • The launch is expected to further solidify India’s standing as a major player in the defence and space communication ecosystem.

Static / Background Information

1. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation):
   • Established in 1969, headquartered in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
   • Key Missions: Chandrayaan-3 (2023), Aditya-L1 (2023), Mangalyaan (2013), PSLV-C37 record launch (2017).
   • Focus Areas: Satellite communication, navigation, remote sensing, planetary exploration, and human spaceflight.
2. LVM3 (Launch Vehicle Mark-3):
   • Known as India’s heavy-lift launcher, capable of deploying payloads up to 10 tonnes to LEO and 4 tonnes to GTO.
   • Used for key missions like Chandrayaan-2, Chandrayaan-3, and the upcoming Gaganyaan human spaceflight programme.
   • Represents India’s transition to next-generation launch capabilities.
3. GSAT Series:
   • A family of geostationary communication satellites developed by ISRO to meet India’s telecommunication, broadcasting, and security needs.
   • GSAT-7, GSAT-7A, and now GSAT-7R (CMS-03) serve as part of India’s military satellite network.

Updated – 29 Oct 2025 ; 08:58 PM | Source: The Hindu Business Line